Sunday, September 2, 2012

Meet Marni Graff | Maine Crime Writers

Marni Graff and Barb Jancovic

We?re talking today with Marnette (Marni) Kathleen Graff, author of the Nora Tierney mystery series, set in England. Marni is currently in Maine, visiting with her friend Barbara Jancovic, who runs the 365 Days of Christmas shop on Route 27 in Belgrade. On September 8th, from 2-4 p.m., Maine crime writers Kaitlyn Dunnett, Lea Wait, and Kate Flora will be joining Janis Bolster and Marni there for a book signing, fudge fest, and free ice cream cones to everyone who buys a book.

So, Marni, where are you coming to us from?

Well, I?m originally a Long Islander and I spent many years working in Manhattan. I now live in rural coastal North Carolina on a river at the end of a dirt road. Quite a change.

Your books have been described as a cross between police procedurals, and cozy mysteries. When you start a book, where do you begin?

Setting and character are important to me; plot rises out of that.

Your background is in nursing, but you?ve spent a lot of time working on learning the writing craft. Tell us a little bit about that.

Marni: I?ve been an RN since the age of 19, but completed my BS in Literature in 1996, and have studied writing extensively in between: Poetry at Harvard and Radcliffe, Screenwriting at NYU, Gothic Literature at Oxford University in the UK and five different writing courses at the Summer Writing Festival at Iowa. 5. I started writing poetry in junior high school and just kept on writing. When I was a nurse I wrote feature articles for a journal called Nursing Spectrum for seven years ?on the side? as I educated myself in different forms of writing. I also edited a medical journal.

And what about working with movies and TV?

Marni: Maybe my favorite nursing position was as a medical consultant for television and motion pictures, working on scripts from home and medical scenes on set in Manhattan.

So what was it that drew you into writing?

I?ve always been attracted to writing because I?m a bibliophile. I read three to four novels a week, love papers and stationary, love the feel of books, old and new. My mother taught me to read early on, and it?s something I couldn?t live without. I am never so happy as when I have a stack of books waiting to be read, or am working on a new writing project.

Tell us a little bit about the writing that you do. You write both fiction and nonfiction, right? I?ve co-authored one non-fiction book and written four books, three in publication: Writing in a Changing World was authored by my writing group and describes our workshop method for novelists along with helpful ways to critique writers work. The Blue Virgin (2010) is the first Nora Tierney novel, set in Oxford; The Green Remains (2012) continues the series in the Lake District. Both are and published through Bridle Path Press, an authors cooperative out of Baltimore, MD. My unpublished novel is titled Death Unscripted, the first of my Trudy Genova series set in Manhattan. It?s currently making the editorial rounds through my New York agent.

And about your current series:
Marni: The Blue Virgin was originally set in the Lake District in its first draft. After I?d been to Oxford one summer, I knew I had to start Nora off there, and re-wrote the novel. The feel of the city fit my story, and the setting became almost a character in itself. It?s one of my favorite places in the UK with its history, the Radcliffe Camera library and reading room, and the mix of ancient and modern colleges that make up Oxford U.? It?s really small town with a big city feel. The Green Remains finally takes Nora to Cumbria, where she?s living and awaiting the birth of her first child. That area remains one of the most beautiful nature-filled places I?ve ever seen, and has its own literature history, the land of Wordsworth, Coleridge, and Beatrix Potter, amongst others.

Tell us a little bit about your protagonist:

Marni: My protagonist is Nora Tierney. She?s someone I knew I would be spending a lot of time with over the next years, so I had to make her someone I wouldn?t grow tired of quickly.? A journalist who has traded that job to write children?s books, she?s nosy (in a most charming way), lies easily (ditto) and is fiercely protective of those she loves. She?s also pregnant with her dead fiance?s baby when the novel opens, and has decided to raise the child alone. So she has lot going on in her life.

Shall we ask you the dread ?literary influences? question?

Marni: Influences on my writing range from Lewis Carroll? and Dickens to Christie, Marsh and Sayers. Daphne Du Maurier is a favorite. But Colin Dexter and P. D. James are two who influenced me when I chose mysteries. James in particular had the depth of the psychology of her characters, as well as her use of setting, that I wanted to incorporate on some level. I had the very good fortune to interview her at her London home when I was writing for the magazine and studying in the UK. She has encouraged my writing, and was the first to insist I write a mystery based on my favorite nursing position, as a medical consultant on soap opera and television sets filmed in NY; hence, the Trudy Genova series is all down to her. We remain in contact and I consider her a mentor and friend.

And in your spare time?

Marni: Nothing beats sitting on my screened-in porch, watching the river, and working on my laptop. The wildlife and birds we see every day, the soothing atmosphere, my Spinone, Radar, swimming in the river?it?s all heavenly.

I?m very proud of the Writers Read program I started on 2007. It gives writers young and old an opportunity to read from their works-in-progress and receive immediate feedback, while also giving them experience reading in front of a group. My crime review blog, Auntie M Writes, has grown to the point that I receive free books from several big US houses and two UK houses to review, which has cut my book budget considerably! I also write a monthly blog for Eco Women, an environmental group that passes along information and tips for home use.

My husband and I have three married sons who lucked out with incredible wives, and seven grandchildren we adore.

Where can we find you and your books?

Marni: All of my books are available on www.bridlepathpress.com and Amazon.com. I?m on facebook under M. K. Graff and the weekly crime review blog is at www.auntiemwrites.wordpress.com.

Marni Graff?s English mystery series, a mix of police procedural and cozy, features American children?s book writer Nora Tierney. The Blue Virgin is set in Oxford; The Green Remains in the Lake District. She is currently working on the third book, The Scarlet Wench.

A former writer for seven years with ?Mystery Review? magazine, Marni Graff has interviewed Ian Rankin, Deborah Crombie, Val McDermid, and her mentor, P. D. James, amongst many others. She reviews crime novels on her weekly blog, Auntie M Writes (www.auntiemwrites.wordpress.com). She is also the co-author of Writing in a Changing World, a primer for modern writers to find their writing group. Her poetry was most recently published in A Tribute to Amelia Earhart and her creative nonfiction most recently seen in Southern Women?s Review. A member of Sisters in Crime, she runs the Writers Read program in NC, and is a founding member of Coastal Carolina Mystery Writers.

Source: http://mainecrimewriters.com/kates-posts/meet-marni-graff

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Low Price Samsung Galaxy S III 4G Android Phone, Blue 16GB ...


Samsung Galaxy S III
At a Glance:
  • Android 4.0, Ice Cream Sandwich
  • 4.8-inch 1280?720 16M HD Super AMOLED display
  • 1.5 GHz Dual Core processor and 2 GB of RAM
  • 8 MP camera w/zero shutter lag and LED Flash, 1.9 MP front facing camera
  • 1080p HD video capture (rear camera), 720p HD video capture (front facing camera)
  • 16 GB memory + optional 64 GB microSD card (sold separately)
  • Mobile Hotspot capable
  • Wi-Fi (802.11 a/b/g/n), Wi-Fi Direct, DNLA
  • Bluetooth 4.0
  • 2100 mAh battery with up to 15 hours of usage time
At a Glance

(view larger).

The Samsung Galaxy S III enables you to share smarter, interact more intelligently and experience great performance, all powered by Verizon 4G LTE.

The Samsung Galaxy S III features a 4.8-inch HD Super AMOLED display, packaged into a sleek, slim and lightweight design with an ergonomic grip, smooth lines and gentle curves. A 1.5 GHz dual-core processor and 2 GB of RAM allows seamless multitasking without delay.

Share Smarter

S Beam

One-touch sharing, or S Beam, allows you to share multimedia files like photos, videos and presentations between two Galaxy S III devices by simply touching the backs together to ?Beam? content from one device to the other.

Share Shot

Share Shot allows you to establish a temporary photo sharing network with other Samsung Galaxy S III users who are nearby. Once your group is established over Wi-Fi Direct (multi-connect), photos taken by any member of the group will be shared instantly with everyone else in the photo sharing network.

AllShare Play

With the Samsung Galaxy S III, you can enjoy your media untethered. AllShare Play allows you to stream multimedia content to your compatible Samsung SmartTV or compatible home audio systems, tablets and laptops when connected to the same Wi-Fi Access Point.

Color

The Verizon Samsung Galaxy S III is exclusively pre-loaded with the Color app, allowing users to broadcast up to 60 seconds of live video with full audio and photos to their Facebook friends instantly.

Interact More Intelligently

Motion Gestures

Motion gestures integrated with the Samsung Galaxy S III allow you to interact with your phone in new ways. Shake the device to refresh, turn it over to mute the ring during a meeting, or swipe to capture a screenshot. If you need to call someone you?re already texting, simply raise the phone to your head and the device will dial. Other gestures include quick access to the camera, quick rotate, quick pause, missed event alerts, and tap to the top of a list.

Smart Stay

No need to tap the screen every few seconds to keep it lit while you?re watching a video or reading a book ? Smart Stay keeps the Samsung Galaxy S III?s display on as long as you?re looking at the screen. The device detects when you?re looking at the phone, maintaining a bright display so you can enjoy your content uninterrupted.


S Voice

S Voice is your personal assistant, responding to voice commands with accurate, helpful information pulled from the Wolfram Alpha database. Whether you want to make a call, play a particular song or find a place to eat, S Voice can help.

Experience Great Performance and Content

Camera

With an 8 MP rear camera, 1.9 MP front-facing camera and LED flash, the Samsung Galaxy S III records HD video and offers zero shutter lag so you can capture the action without delay. The Burst Shot function helps you take pictures like a professional, with the ability to instantly capture 20 continuous shots, while the Best Photo function takes eight pictures and chooses the best one for you.

Pop Up Play

Pop Up Play on the Samsung Galaxy S III lets you watch HD videos while you browse, e-mail or text. The picture-in-picture window works on any screen and even on third-party apps. Drag the window where you want it, and you won?t miss a moment of your movies or videos while multitasking.

Viewdini

Viewdini brings the power of Verizon Wireless? 4G LTE network to the screen by streamlining access to videos from a wide range of content providers, including cable operators, websites and other popular video sources.

Vital Statistics

The Samsung Galaxy S III weighs 4.7 ounces and measures 5.4 x 2.8 x 0.3 inches. It comes with a 2100 mAh battery that offers up to 15 hours of usage time and up to 200 hours of standby time.

What?s in the box

Samsung Galaxy S III handset, standard lithium ion battery, wall/USB charger, stereo headset, product safety and warranty brochure, quick reference guide


Verizon Wireless 4G LTE Network

The Verizon Wireless 4G LTE network allows you to download photos, apps, and games in seconds and entire movies in minutes. LTE (or Long Term Evolution) provides significantly increased upload and download speeds over 3G networks, as well as significantly reduced latency (or lag time). Verizon Wireless expects 4G LTE average data rates to be 5-12 megabits per second (Mbps) on the downlink and 2-5 Mbps on the uplink in real-world, loaded network environments.

With these blazing fast speeds, you?ll be able to stream HD movies without the annoyance of constant pauses to buffer the video stream?as well as quickly download HD-quality movies right to your phone in minutes. Additionally, you?ll be able to download a new song file in about 4 seconds or upload a photo to your favorite social networking site in about 6 seconds.

The Verizon Wireless 4G LTE mobile broadband network will also redefine the mobile office for business users. Business applications that used to require wired networks will be untethered forever, allowing you maximized productivity and efficiency while you?re out of the confines of your office. Enhanced security lets you tap into most VPN networks with less waiting, and faster responsiveness enables you to upload 10 MB presentations back to your team in less than 25 seconds.

In areas serviced only by 3G, you can expect download speeds of 600 Kbps to 1.4 Mbps and upload speeds of 500 to 800 Kbps in Mobile Broadband coverage area.

Verizon Wireless Services

Backup Assistant: This complimentary service automatically back up your mobile contacts to your online address book. If your phone is lost, stolen, or damaged, or you decide to upgrade, easily restore your saved address book to your new phone. You can also add, delete, edit, and print your contacts online and send the changes to your mobile phone. There are no subscription fees for the service.

VZ Navigator Capable: With this GPS-enabled phone, you?ll be able to access the Verizon Wireless VZ Navigator service (additional charges applicable) for voice-prompted turn-by-turn directions, heads-up alerts, local search of nearly 14 million points of interest in the US (such as landmarks, restaurants and ATMs), and detailed color maps.

V CAST Video: Enjoy unlimited, on-demand access to full episodes of your favorite television shows from all of the major networks, plus the latest in local and national news, live and recorded sports and entertainment and weather. You will receive over 100 channels with over 250 full episode shows and an impressive list of live sporting events each month.

Visual Voice Mail: This innovative service enables you to delete, reply, and forward voice mail messages without having to listen to prior messages or voice instructions. Visual Voice Mail is the ideal tool for the busy mobile professional who may need to prioritize which messages he or she listens to first. Features include on-screen access to voice mail message status, save up to 40 messages for 40 days (or archive permanently), create up to 10 different caller ID-based greetings, and reply via call back, text or even voice mail.


Android Ice Cream Sandwich Operating System

The Galaxy S III runs the Android 4.0 operating system (dubbed Ice Cream Sandwich), which adds powerful new ways of communicating and sharing while improving on the best Android features: easy multitasking, rich notifications, customizable home screens, resizable widgets, and more.

The new Ice Cream Sandwich interface features an onscreen navigation bar that replaces the hardware buttons for Back, Home, and Menu found with older Android-powered phones. And with Google+ integration, you can video chat with groups of up to 9 friends as well as easily upload and share photos and videos. Other features include:

Face Unlock

You can now unlock your phone with just your face using the Face Unlock option. It takes advantage of the front-facing camera and state-of-the-art facial recognition technology to register a face during setup and then to recognize it again when unlocking the device. Just hold your phone in front of your face to unlock (or use a backup PIN).

And the lock screen now lets you do more without unlocking. From the slide lock screen, you can jump directly to the camera for a picture or pull down the notifications window to check for messages. When listening to music, you can even manage music tracks and see album art.

Home Screen Folders

Quickly access related apps right from the home screen by organizing apps and shortcuts into folders?just drag one app onto another to create a folder.

Multitasking

Multitasking is even easier and more visual in Android 4.0. The Recent Apps button lets you jump instantly from one task to another using the list in the System Bar. The list pops up to show thumbnail images of apps used recently?tapping a thumbnail switches to the app.

Voice Input

The new voice engine in Android 4.0 lets you dictate the text you want, for as long as you want, using the language you want. You can speak continuously for a prolonged time, even pausing for intervals if needed, and dictate punctuation to create correct sentences. As the voice input engine enters text, it underlines possible dictation errors in gray. After dictating, you can tap the underlined words to quickly replace them from a list of suggestions.

Near Field Communications

A short-range wireless technology similar to Bluetooth, Near Field Communication (or NFC) allows enabled devices to share information in close proximity. For example, you can ?touch? or ?swipe? an NFC tag that might be embedded in a poster, sticker, or advertisement, then act on the data read from the tag.

You can also utilize NFC for contactless payment via Google Wallet. Instead of using cash or swiping a credit card, just touch your phone to an NFC payment reader and have your purchase deducted automatically. Store virtual versions of credit, loyalty and gift cards securely in Google Wallet, as well as coupons and offers that can be redeemed when you make a payment. You can make payments at hundreds thousands of locations nationwide where MasterCard PayPass is accepted.


Connectivity

  • Wi-Fi (802.11 a/b/g/n), Wi-Fi Direct, DNLA
  • Built-in mobile hotspot functionality
  • Next-generation Bluetooth 4.0 backward compatible with older Bluetooth-enabled peripherals and includes stereo audio streaming
  • Near Field Communication (NFC) for sharing contacts, web pages, directions, and more to compatible phones as well as payments via Google Wallet
  • GPS for navigation and location services
  • Integrated Google Maps with turn-by-turn navigation, street and satellite views

Communications & Internet

  • Full messaging capabilities including SMS text, MMS picture/video and IM instant messaging
  • Full HTML browser with Adobe Flash Support
  • Personal and corporate e-mail access with support for Exchange ActiveSync as well as mobile e-mail accounts (Google push, Yahoo!, POP3, IMAP)

Hardware

  • Dual-core 1.5 GHz processor capable of opening web pages twice as fast as most other smartphones
  • 4.8-inch HD Super AMOLED multi-touch screen (1280 x 720 pixels)
  • MicroUSB port
  • 3.5mm headphone jack

Memory

  • 16 GB internal memory (non-expandable)
  • microSD card slot with support for optional cards up to 64 GB
  • 2 GB RAM for improved multitasking

Camera

  • 8-megapixel camera with continuous auto focus, zero shutter lag, face detection, high dynamic range mode, burst mode, and more
  • Full HD 1080p video capture (30 fps)
  • Front-facing 1.9-megapixel camera for HD video chats and self portraits

Multimedia

  • Music player compatible with MP3, WMA, AAC/AAC+, eAAC+, MIDI amd WAV
  • Video player compatible with MPEG4, H.264, H.263and DivX

Source: http://classic-wholesale.com/low-price-samsung-galaxy-s-iii-4g-android-phone-blue-16gb-verizon-wireless

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Saturday, September 1, 2012

Lonmin labor talks suspended until Monday: union

Typically, it's considered good news to lead an important race. In Missouri, it's a cause for anger and wild accusations. Rep. Todd Akin's explosive comments about rape and pregnancy have thrown a bizarre wrench in the Senate race, as partisans on both sides of the aisle claim that pollsters are artificially underestimating the other side's standing -- on purpose. Democratic-leaning pollster Public Policy Polling (PPP) went into the field Monday night -- roughly 24 hours after Akin's initial comments set off a firestorm. ...

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/lonmin-labor-talks-suspended-until-monday-union-082430794.html

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Earthquake hazards map study finds deadly flaws, MU researcher suggests improvements

Earthquake hazards map study finds deadly flaws, MU researcher suggests improvements [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 31-Aug-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Tim Wall
walltj@missouri.edu
573-882-3346
University of Missouri-Columbia

COLUMBIA, Mo. Three of the largest and deadliest earthquakes in recent history occurred where earthquake hazard maps didn't predict massive quakes. A University of Missouri scientist and his colleagues recently studied the reasons for the maps' failure to forecast these quakes. They also explored ways to improve the maps. Developing better hazard maps and alerting people to their limitations could potentially save lives and money in areas such as the New Madrid, Missouri fault zone.

"Forecasting earthquakes involves many uncertainties, so we should inform the public of these uncertainties," said Mian Liu, of MU's department of geological sciences. "The public is accustomed to the uncertainties of weather forecasting, but foreseeing where and when earthquakes may strike is far more difficult. Too much reliance on earthquake hazard maps can have serious consequences. Two suggestions may improve this situation. First, we recommend a better communication of the uncertainties, which would allow citizens to make more informed decisions about how to best use their resources. Second, seismic hazard maps must be empirically tested to find out how reliable they are and thus improve them."

Liu and his colleagues suggest testing maps against what is called a null hypothesis, the possibility that the likelihood of an earthquake in a given area like Japan is uniform. Testing would show which mapping approaches were better at forecasting earthquakes and subsequently improve the maps.

Liu and his colleagues at Northwestern University and the University of Tokyo detailed how hazard maps had failed in three major quakes that struck within a decade of each other. The researchers interpreted the shortcomings of hazard maps as the result of bad assumptions, bad data, bad physics and bad luck.

Wenchuan, China In 2008, a quake struck China's Sichuan Province and cost more than 69,000 lives. Locals blamed the government and contractors for not making buildings in the area earthquake-proof, according to Liu, who says that hazard maps bear some of the blame as well since the maps, based on bad assumptions, had designated the zone as an area of relatively low earthquake hazard.

Logne, Haiti The 2010 earthquake that devastated Port-au-Prince and killed an estimated 316,000 people occurred along a fault that had not caused a major quake in hundreds of years. Using only the short history of earthquakes since seismometers were invented approximately one hundred years ago yielded hazard maps that were didn't indicate the danger there.

T?hoku, Japan Scientists previously thought the faults off the northeast coast of Japan weren't capable of causing massive quakes and thus giant tsunamis like the one that destroyed the Fukushima nuclear reactor. This bad understanding of particular faults' capabilities led to a lack of adequate preparation. The area had been prepared for smaller quakes and the resulting tsunamis, but the T?hoku quake overwhelmed the defenses.

"If we limit our attention to the earthquake records in the past, we will be unprepared for the future," Liu said. "Hazard maps tend to underestimate the likelihood of quakes in areas where they haven't occurred previously. In most places, including the central and eastern U.S., seismologists don't have a long enough record of earthquake history to make predictions based on historical patterns. Although bad luck can mean that quakes occur in places with a genuinely low probability, what we see are too many 'black swans,' or too many exceptions to the presumed patterns."

"We're playing a complicated game against nature," said the study's first author, Seth Stein of Northwestern University. "It's a very high stakes game. We don't really understand all the rules very well. As a result, our ability to assess earthquake hazards often isn't very good, and the policies that we make to mitigate earthquake hazards sometimes aren't well thought out. For example, the billions of dollars the Japanese spent on tsunami defenses were largely wasted.

"We need to very carefully try to formulate the best strategies we can, given the limits of our knowledge," Stein said. "Understanding the uncertainties in earthquake hazard maps, testing them, and improving them is important if we want to do better than we've done so far."

###

The study, "Why earthquake hazard maps often fail and what to do about it," was published by the journal Tectonophysics. First author of the study was Seth Stein of Northwestern University. Robert Geller of the University of Tokyo was co-author. Mian Liu is William H. Byler Distinguished Chair in Geological Sciences in the College of Arts and Science at the University of Missouri.



[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Earthquake hazards map study finds deadly flaws, MU researcher suggests improvements [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 31-Aug-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Tim Wall
walltj@missouri.edu
573-882-3346
University of Missouri-Columbia

COLUMBIA, Mo. Three of the largest and deadliest earthquakes in recent history occurred where earthquake hazard maps didn't predict massive quakes. A University of Missouri scientist and his colleagues recently studied the reasons for the maps' failure to forecast these quakes. They also explored ways to improve the maps. Developing better hazard maps and alerting people to their limitations could potentially save lives and money in areas such as the New Madrid, Missouri fault zone.

"Forecasting earthquakes involves many uncertainties, so we should inform the public of these uncertainties," said Mian Liu, of MU's department of geological sciences. "The public is accustomed to the uncertainties of weather forecasting, but foreseeing where and when earthquakes may strike is far more difficult. Too much reliance on earthquake hazard maps can have serious consequences. Two suggestions may improve this situation. First, we recommend a better communication of the uncertainties, which would allow citizens to make more informed decisions about how to best use their resources. Second, seismic hazard maps must be empirically tested to find out how reliable they are and thus improve them."

Liu and his colleagues suggest testing maps against what is called a null hypothesis, the possibility that the likelihood of an earthquake in a given area like Japan is uniform. Testing would show which mapping approaches were better at forecasting earthquakes and subsequently improve the maps.

Liu and his colleagues at Northwestern University and the University of Tokyo detailed how hazard maps had failed in three major quakes that struck within a decade of each other. The researchers interpreted the shortcomings of hazard maps as the result of bad assumptions, bad data, bad physics and bad luck.

Wenchuan, China In 2008, a quake struck China's Sichuan Province and cost more than 69,000 lives. Locals blamed the government and contractors for not making buildings in the area earthquake-proof, according to Liu, who says that hazard maps bear some of the blame as well since the maps, based on bad assumptions, had designated the zone as an area of relatively low earthquake hazard.

Logne, Haiti The 2010 earthquake that devastated Port-au-Prince and killed an estimated 316,000 people occurred along a fault that had not caused a major quake in hundreds of years. Using only the short history of earthquakes since seismometers were invented approximately one hundred years ago yielded hazard maps that were didn't indicate the danger there.

T?hoku, Japan Scientists previously thought the faults off the northeast coast of Japan weren't capable of causing massive quakes and thus giant tsunamis like the one that destroyed the Fukushima nuclear reactor. This bad understanding of particular faults' capabilities led to a lack of adequate preparation. The area had been prepared for smaller quakes and the resulting tsunamis, but the T?hoku quake overwhelmed the defenses.

"If we limit our attention to the earthquake records in the past, we will be unprepared for the future," Liu said. "Hazard maps tend to underestimate the likelihood of quakes in areas where they haven't occurred previously. In most places, including the central and eastern U.S., seismologists don't have a long enough record of earthquake history to make predictions based on historical patterns. Although bad luck can mean that quakes occur in places with a genuinely low probability, what we see are too many 'black swans,' or too many exceptions to the presumed patterns."

"We're playing a complicated game against nature," said the study's first author, Seth Stein of Northwestern University. "It's a very high stakes game. We don't really understand all the rules very well. As a result, our ability to assess earthquake hazards often isn't very good, and the policies that we make to mitigate earthquake hazards sometimes aren't well thought out. For example, the billions of dollars the Japanese spent on tsunami defenses were largely wasted.

"We need to very carefully try to formulate the best strategies we can, given the limits of our knowledge," Stein said. "Understanding the uncertainties in earthquake hazard maps, testing them, and improving them is important if we want to do better than we've done so far."

###

The study, "Why earthquake hazard maps often fail and what to do about it," was published by the journal Tectonophysics. First author of the study was Seth Stein of Northwestern University. Robert Geller of the University of Tokyo was co-author. Mian Liu is William H. Byler Distinguished Chair in Geological Sciences in the College of Arts and Science at the University of Missouri.



[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-08/uom-ehm083112.php

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Federal government ending Wyoming wolf protections

FILE - This image provided by Yellowstone National Park shows a wolf walking through the snow in Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is expected to announce Friday Aug. 31, 2012, that it is ending protections for wolves in Wyoming. (AP Photo/Yellowstone National Park, File)

FILE - This image provided by Yellowstone National Park shows a wolf walking through the snow in Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is expected to announce Friday Aug. 31, 2012, that it is ending protections for wolves in Wyoming. (AP Photo/Yellowstone National Park, File)

(AP) ? The federal government will end its protections for wolves in Wyoming, where the species was introduced two decades ago to revive it from near extinction in the United States.

The announcement Friday by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service will entrust the state with managing wolf numbers and endorses a plan that allows for them to be shot on sight in most of the state, while keeping them permanently protected in designated areas like Yellowstone National Park. Wyoming will take over management of the wolves at the end of September.

The decision of the announcement quickly sparked promises of legal challenges from environmental groups that argue wolves still need protection to maintain their successful recovery. Dan Ashe, the agency's director, acknowledged the "emotional reaction to wolf hunting" but said it would not be "detrimental to long-term conservation of wolves."

"Quite the contrary, it will support long-term conservation of wolves as it has other predators like mountain lion and grizzly bear and black bear," Ashe said.

Wyoming has been chaffing under federal wolf protections for years, with ranchers and hunters complaining that wolves kill other wildlife and many cattle.

North America was once home to as many as 2 million gray wolves, but by the 1930s, fur traders, bounty hunters and government agents had poisoned, trapped and shot them to near extinction in the continental United States. An effort to revive their numbers emerged and centered on starting the recovery in Yellowstone.

Overcoming protests from Wyoming farmers and ranchers who feared wolves would prey on their livestock, wildlife managers transplanted 14 wolves from Canada into Yellowstone in the mid-1990s. The effort exceeded all expectations as wolf numbers quickly multiplied, and Friday's action means Wyoming can now take measures to control their population outside the Greater Yellowstone vicinity.

"The wolf population in Wyoming is recovered, and it is appropriate that the responsibility for wolf management be returned to the state," Gov. Matt Mead said Friday in support of the federal decision.

There are about 270 wolves in Wyoming outside Yellowstone. There are about another 1,100 or so in Montana and Idaho, where wolves were delisted several years ago, and still more in Washington and Oregon.

Wyoming's management plan, which was agreed to last year by Gov. Matt Mead and U.S. Interior Secretary Ken Salazar, calls for the state to maintain at least 10 breeding pairs of wolves and at least 100 individual animals. Additional wolves inside Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks, the John D. Rockefeller Jr. Memorial Parkway ? which is located between Yellowstone and Grand Teton ? and the Wind River Indian Reservation in central Wyoming will maintain protection from being hunted.

The state will classify wolves in the remaining 90 percent of Wyoming as predators, subject to being killed anytime by anyone.

The Wyoming Game Commission has approved wolf hunts starting on Oct. 1, the day after the state's management plan goes into effect. The state is prepared to issue unlimited hunting licenses but will call a halt after hunters kill 52 wolves.

Wildlife advocates said Wyoming's management plan allows the state too much freedom to hunt wolves.

"From our perspective the Wyoming wolf management plan is just a disaster for the wolf. It drastically reduces the population and basically eliminates wolves from a large part of the state," said Noah Greenwald with the Center for Biological Diversity.

Jamie Rappaport Clark, president of Defenders of Wildlife, said in a statement that the organization would pursue legal action "to ensure that a healthy, sustainable wolf population."

Bryce Reece, executive vice president of the Wyoming Wool Growers Association, said ranchers for too long had their hands tied in trying to stop wolves attacking their livestock.

"The reality is my folks aren't in any big rush to get there to try to kill a wolf. They just want the ability to protect their livestock," Reece said. "We are hopeful, by putting some pressure on them, they'll move back into areas where it's less habited and there's less livestock."

___

Associated Press writer Matthew Brown contributed to this report from Billings, Mont.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/b2f0ca3a594644ee9e50a8ec4ce2d6de/Article_2012-08-31-Wyoming%20Wolves/id-cc1f029acfe34ba497c1c2974057b814

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